雅思长难句解析 | 长难句 “综合版”

例句1

Farmers and gardeners have known for hundreds of years how responsive plants are to temperature: warm winters cause many trees and flowers to bud early, something humans have long used to predict weather and harvest times for the coming year.(剑16 Test3 Passage3 )

 

1)结构分析

 

层次一:

主句:Farmers and gardeners have known how responsive plants are to temperature

修饰:......year【冒号同位语,解释how responsive】 

 

层次二:

修饰内部:

主体:warm winters cause many trees and flowers to bud early

修饰:something...year-【同位语】

   

结构总结:主句+同位【嵌套同位】

 

2)译文分析:红体字代表主干,括号代表修饰,大括号包括小括号

 

(多年来),农民们一直知道植物对温度如何反应:【暖冬会让树和花早早发芽,(这是人们一直用来明年的温度和丰收季节的方式)】

 

3)重点词汇:

responsive:adj.  有反应的

harvest times:(词组)丰收季

bud:v. 发芽

predict:v. 预测

 

例句2

The latest research pinpoints for the first time a molecular mechanism in plants that reacts to temperature - often triggering the buds of spring we long to see at the end of winter.  (剑16 Test3 Passage3 )

 

1)结构分析 

 

层次一:

主句:The latest research pinpoints a molecular mechanism in plants

修饰:that .........winter【介短状语,修饰 glaciers could block..,表时间】

 

层次二:

修饰内部: 

主体:reacts to temperature

修饰:- ......winter【to do状语,修饰主体部分,表目的】

 

结构总结:主句+定从【嵌套同位】

 

2)译文分析:红体字代表主干,括号代表修饰,大括号包括小括号

 

最近的调查确定了植物中对温度有反应的分子机制-【这种反应通常是我们在冬天结束时就能看到春芽了】

 

3)重点词汇:

pinpoints:v. 确定 识别

trigger:v. 引发 产生 导致

supplement:v. 补充

molecular mechanism:(词组)分子机制

reacts to:(词组)对.....反应

long to do:(词组)期待做某事

 

例句3

With weather and temperatures set to become ever more unpredictable due to climate change, researchers say the discovery that this light-sensing molecule also functions as the internal thermometer in plant cells could help us breed tougher crops.(剑16 Test3 Passage3)

 

1) 结构分析: 

 

层次一:

主句:researchers say the discovery could help us breed tougher crops

修饰①:that.....thermometer【that同位语从句,解释discovery的内容】

修饰②:with......change【介短状语,修饰主句,表原因】

 

结构总结:介短+主句+同位

 

2)译文分析:红体字代表主干,括号代表修饰,大括号包括小括号

 

【随着温度和天气(由于气候变化)变得越来越不可预测】,研究人员说:(感知光的分子也能起到植物细胞的内部温度计作用的)这个发现能帮我们繁殖更坚韧的作物。

 

3)重点词汇:

unpredictable:adj. 不可预测的

light-sensing:adj. 感知光的

functions as:(词组)起作用

breed:v. 繁殖

tough:adj. 坚韧的