托福阅读材料之女子16年来只喝可乐致昏厥入院

一名31岁的摩洛哥女子因心脏不适及昏厥入院，医生检查后发现其体内钾含量严重偏低，而且患有可能导致心律不齐的QT间期延长综合征。该女子表示，她自15岁起就没有喝过水，每天只喝大约两升可乐。而在其停止喝可乐一周以后，她体内的钾含量和心电活动都恢复了正常。研究人员表示，喝太多可乐会使将过多水分引致肠道，从而引发腹泻并导致钾流失；同时，可乐中的咖啡因也会促进尿液排出，降低了钾的再吸收率。体内钾含量过低会导致心律问题。研究人员同时还发现了另外6个因过量饮用可乐而导致健康问题的案例，过量饮用可乐也会导致体重增加，从而引发心脏问题。

 

A 31-year old woman's heart problems and fainting might have had something to do with the fact that she drank only soda for about half her life, according to a report of her case.

 

The woman, who lives in Monaco, a small country near southern France, was brought to a hospital after she fainted. A blood test showed she had severely low potassium levels. And a test of her heart's electrical activity revealed she had a condition called long QT syndrome, which can cause erratic heart beats.

 

The woman did not have a family history of heart or hormone problems. But she told her doctors that, since the age of 15, she had not drunk any water — soda (specifically cola) was the only liquid she consumed. She drank about 2 liters (2 quarts) of cola daily, she said.

 

After abstaining from soda for just one week, the woman's potassium levels and heart electrical activity returned to normal.

 

Drinking too much cola may cause excess water to enter the bowels, which in turn leads to diarrhea, and loss of potassium, the researchers said. High amounts of caffeine can also increase urine production and decrease potassium reabsorption, the researchers said. Potassium plays a role in helping a person's heartbeat, and low levels of potassium may cause heart rhythm problems.

 

After searching for other similar cases, the researchers found six reports of excessive cola consumption that were thought to be related to adverse medical problems, including heart rhythm problems.

 

"One of the take-home messages is that cardiologists need to be aware of the connection between cola consumption and potassium loss, and should ask patients found to have QT prolongation about beverage habits," said study researcher Dr. Naima Zarqane, of Princess Grace Hospital Centre in Monaco.

 

Future studies should examine whether those who drink cola excessively have lower potassium levels than people who don't drink cola, the researchers said.

 

Excessive soda consumption can also lead to weight gain, which is a risk factor for heart disease, the researchers said.

 

The case report was presented this week at the European Heart Rhythm Association meeting in Athens, Greece. It has not been published in a peer-reviewed journal.

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